The Iowa Stater, May 2001

The Iowa Stater
May 2001

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In memoriam

'10s

Bernice Nowlin Elliott, '18 Music, Dec. 31, 2000.

'20s

M. Graham Lingenfelter, '22 FCS Ed Stds, Oct. 30, 2000. George Siefhen, '24 Elec/Comp Engr, June 19, 2000. Lydia Armstrong Adams, '25 FCS Ed Stds, Oct. 8, 2000. Josephine Michael Miller, '25 FCS Ed Stds, August 2000. John Risser, '25 Elec/Comp Engr, Nov. 1, 2000. Fridolin Hodges, '26 Animal Sci, July 19, 2000. Mabel Shepard Roberts, '26 FCS Ed Stds, Jan. 3. Nadine Nay Schultz, '26 FCS Ed Stds, September 2000. Thelma Bump Duesenberg, '27 LAS, Nov. 9, 1999. Jane Rhoads Leach, '27 FCS Ed Stds, April 26, 2000. Dorothy McCormick Rittgers, '27 FCS Ed Stds, Dec. 17, 2000. Edna Frazier Davis, '28 FCS Ed Stds, Sept. 2, 2000. Gerald Dunsmore, '28 Ag Ed Stds, Dec. 5, 2000. Halbert Harris, '28 PhD Entom, Aug. 18, 2000. Wilbur Balmos, '29 Ag Ed Stds, September 2000. Verna Christenson Graves, '29 FCS Ed Stds, June 14, 2000. Samuel Hamilton, '29 Civil Engr, Jan. 20. Betty Rhoads Lee, '29 FCS Ed Stds, July 24, 2000. Frances Swenson McDonough, '29 FCS Ed Stds, Dec. 1, 2000.

'30s

Donald Carson, '30 LAS, July 31, 2000. Robert Cassell, '30 Agron, June 5, 2000. Mabel Willits Jensen, '30 FCS Ed Stds, Dec. 10, 2000. Loraine Mundt Peterson, '30 FCS Ed Stds, April 15, 1999. Wendell Wescoat, '30 Ag Ed Stds, Jan. 7. Edward Bear, '31 Arch, May 28, 2000. Walter Bedke, '31 Arch, July 21, 2000. Fredrick Benson, '31 Econ, July 31, 2000. Marjorie Mitchell Blair, '31 FCS Ed Stds, 2000. Ralph Bryant, '31 Animal Sci, January. Sara Raudabaugh Cole, '31 Hotel/Inst Mgmt, Oct. 20, 2000. Edith Brewer Mann, '31 LAS, August 2000. Dorothy Reif Scarlett, '31 FCS Ed Stds, Oct. 2, 2000. Pearl Lundgren Sell, '31 FCS Ed Stds, Aug. 3, 2000. Harbans Chhabra, '32 Mech Engr, Jan. 14. Edna Hamil Gaines, '32 Hotel/Inst Mgmt, April 10, 2000. Wayne Hardman, '32 Elec/Comp Engr, June 8, 2000. Charles Kenning, '32 Animal Sci, Nov. 1, 2000. Samuel Obenshain, '32 PhD Agron, July 26, 2000. Lawrence Wedemeyer, '32 Animal Sci, November 2000. Herman Zobrist, '32 Ag Ed Stds, Dec. 9, 2000. Anne Schoenbohm Boat, '33 MS Food Sci/Hum Nutr, Feb. 1, 2000. Joseph Buchanan, '33 Physics/Astron, Sept. 24, 2000. Robert Davis, '33 Physics/Astron, Sept. 17, 2000. Mary Round Feroe, '33 FCS Ed Stds, July 11, 2000. Bertha Bailey Howe, '33 Agron, December 2000. Evelyn Nutting Kunau, '33 Food Sci/Hum Nutr, Nov. 30, 2000. Norman Levine, '33 Zool/Genetics, July 15, 1999. Jean Myers Loyd, '33 LAS, Oct. 13, 1999. June Hanlon Porter, '33 Econ, Nov. 29, 2000. Milton Nelson, '33 MS Microbiol, July 1, 2000. Ruth Seabloom Will, '33 Text/Clo, Aug. 5, 2000. Louis Havens, '34 Chem Engr, July 30, 1999. John Hollen, '34 Indus/Mfg Sys Engr, December 2000. Kenneth Kemp, '34 Mech Engr, Aug. 11, 2000. George Merkel, '34 Ag/Biosys Engr, Sept. 20, 2000. Karl Feise, '35 Mech Engr, July 15, 1999. Freda Petersen Ferguson, '35 FCS Ed Stds, Oct. 4, 1999. Harlan Geiger, '35 Animal Sci, Oct. 7, 2000. Marie Johnson Hill, '35 FCS Ed Stds, Aug. 18, 2000. Gilbert Luhrs, '35 Mech Engr, Jan. 17. Robert Moore, '35 MS Agron, Oct. 11, 2000. Beatrice Orning Petersen, '35 HDFS, Nov. 25, 2000. Esther Simpson Rash, '35 Landscape Arch, Oct. 12, 2000. Harold Wiley, '35 Forestry, Oct. 26, 2000. Leland Andrews, '36 Chem Engr, Dec. 1, 2000. Will Dunn, '36 DVM, Feb. 1, 2000. Frederick Kraschel, '36 Mech Engr, September 2000. Howard Larson, '36 Mech Engr, Oct. 19, 2000. Elinor Zoller Leistner, '36 FCS Ed Stds, July 15, 2000. Helen Osness, '36 FCS Ed Stds, Dec. 17, 2000. Herbert Plambeck, '36 Agron, Jan. 15. Elizabeth Foster Putzel, '36 Food Sci/Hum Nutr, Aug. 22, 2000. Katharine Griffith Reuss, '36 Econ, May 11, 2000. William Tolstead, '36 MS Botany, Nov. 3, 2000. Edwin Wellhausen, '36 PhD Zool/Genetics, Jan. 7. Charles Amick, '37 Elec/Comp Engr, Oct. 13, 2000. Robert Bielenberg, '37 Chem, April 26, 2000. Ivan Impson, '37 Engr, Sept. 27, 2000. S. Knapp, '37 Mech Engr, Dec. 24, 2000. Willard Lyman, '37 Chem Engr, Oct. 17, 1999. John Newell, '37 Civil Engr, Sept. 5, 2000. Alvin Rothlisberger, '37 Chem, Nov. 14, 2000. Lester Waddington, '37 Aero/Mech Engr, Aug. 27, 2000. Herman Zimmerman, '37 Chem Engr, July 6, 2000. Viola Macdonald Dodds, '38 FCS Ed Stds, July 29, 2000. Zac Dunlap, '38 Bus, Nov. 5, 2000. Stanley Dunn, '38 Ag Ed Stds, Nov. 3, 2000. Thomas Dustin, '38 Elec/Comp Engr, Aug. 30, 2000. Orville Johnston, '38 Chem Engr, Sept. 17, 2000. John Kreamer, '38 Animal Sci, March 26, 2000. William Patterson, '38 Landscape Arch, Nov. 5, 2000. June Staman Schiltz, '38 FCS Ed Stds, April 24, 2000. Leland Bailey, '39 Agron, July 13, 2000. Barton Barney, '39 Animal Sci, Dec. 5, 2000. Wayne Bohan, '39 DVM, Nov. 7, 2000. John Brelsford, '39 Ag/Biosys Engr, Jan. 12. Mary Jane Telin Bristol, '39 HDFS, June 28, 2000. Frances Oldaker Brown, '39 FCS Ed Stds, March 17, 2000. Dean Clark, '39 Indus/Mfg Sys Engr, July 26, 2000. Jesse Decker, '39 MS Agron, Aug. 14, 2000. Howard Esbeck, '39 Ag/Biosys Engr, Jan. 11. Harris Hug, '39 Mech Engr, Jan. 20. Arnold Johnson, '39 Civil Engr, Jan. 9. Richard King, '39 Chem Engr, July 21, 1999. Terese Bodensteiner Leishman, '39 HDFS, May 2, 2000. Elizabeth Dickinson Warner, '39 MS Food Sci/Hum Nutr, March 5, 2000. Glenn Wise, '39 MS Bus, Jan. 11, 2000.

'40s

Robert Bonnewell, '40 Econ, Jan. 15. Wendell Collins, '40 Math, Aug. 18, 2000. Jane Cooper, '40 Food Sci/Hum Nutr, Nov. 1, 2000. Irving Fox, '40 PhD Entom, March 27, 2000. Ruth Hoeflin, '40 HDFS, Aug. 30, 2000. Leo Horswell, '40 Econ, Jan. 9, 2000. Henry Pace, '40 PhD Chem, Sept. 9, 2000. Wallace Sallee, '40 Elec/Comp Engr, Oct. 29, 1999. Ben Thomson, '40 Chem Engr, July 13, 2000. Earnest Weiser, '40 Mech Engr, August 2000. Phyllis Benson Williams, '40 FCS Ed Stds, Dec. 31, 2000. Richard Wyeth, '40 Elec/Comp Engr, Sept. 12, 2000. Eugene Allbaugh, '41 Agron, Nov. 23, 2000. Collins Anderson, '41 DVM, Sept. 8, 2000. Phyllis Hague Baum, '41 FCS Ed Stds, Nov. 3, 2000. J. Allan Beegle, '41 MS Soc/Anthro, Aug. 8, 2000. Robert Boatman, '41 Forestry, Sept. 4, 2000. Jacqueline Briscoe Carney, '41 Food Sci/Hum Nutr, Aug. 13, 2000. Jane Sheaff Gilreath, '41 Food Sci/Hum Nutr, Nov. 13, 2000. Byron Hunter, '41 PhD Chem, Jan. 10. John James, '41 Arch, September 2000. Charles Marks, '41 Indus/Mfg Sys Engr, Sept. 23, 2000. James Mayclin, '41 Elec/Comp Engr, Sept. 1, 2000. Franklin Waterman, '41 Zool/Genetics, Aug. 28, 2000. E. H. Breckenfelder, '42 Elec/Comp Engr, September 2000. James Cooper, '42 Elec/Comp Engr, Jan. 7. Vernon Hudek, '42 Elec/Comp Engr, Aug. 22, 2000. Leon Laird, '42 Animal Sci, Sept. 22, 2000. Martin Luber, '42 Indus/Mfg Sys Engr, September 2000. Thomas Nordstrum, '42 Forestry, Nov. 23, 2000. Erwin Schroder, '42 Animal Sci, Aug. 20, 2000. Janet Peterson Asman, '43 Food Sci/Hum Nutr, April 5, 1999. Stanley Bay, '43 Animal Sci, Nov. 6, 2000. Roland Beck, '43 Mech Engr, April 30, 2000. Dorothy Porter Bollman, '43 FCS Ed Stds, Sept. 9, 2000. Lawrence Bonham, '43 Geol/Atmos Sci, Sept. 18, 2000. Keith Dickson, '43 Econ, Dec. 4, 2000. Kathleen Mulroney Hughes, '43 FCS Ed Stds, September 2000. Ira Mullis, '43 Elec/Comp Engr, Oct. 1, 2000. David Roberts, '43 Mech Engr, July 24, 2000. Jean Allen Thomson, '43 Hotel/Inst Mgmt, Sept. 29, 2000. Wayne Thompson, '43 DVM, Aug. 19, 2000. Richard Lundvall, '44 DVM, Sept. 5, 2000. Horace New, '44 Animal Sci, Aug. 31, 2000. Elmer Pick, '44 DVM, August 2000. Catherine Reinheimer, '44 Food Sci/Hum Nutr, August 2000. Beverly VanDeventer, '44 Food Sci/Hum Nutr, Dec. 7, 2000. Helen Dahlberg Wilson, '44 Food Sci/Hum Nutr, Sept. 10, 2000. Phyllis Loper Winston, '44 Food Sci/Hum Nutr, June 5, 2000. Helen Clark, '45 MS Food Sci/Hum Nutr, Jan. 3. Donald Harrington, '45 Hort, Aug. 19, 2000. Phyllis Mauritson Hixson, '45 Food Sci/Hum Nutr, March 11, 2000. Beth Newcom Johns, '45 Art/Des, Aug. 6, 2000. Charles Karns, '45 Mech Engr, April 2, 2000. Josephine Booton Knudson, '45 HDFS, Oct. 1, 2000. Vida Solensten Hoefgen, '46 HDFS, Oct. 4, 2000. Kenneth Houston, '46 Ag Ed Stds, July 26, 2000. Clay Lanman, '46 Ag Ed Stds, November 2000. Jean McNamara Wells, '46 Food Sci/Hum Nutr, Oct. 20, 2000. Beverly George Everett, '47 Hotel/Inst Mgmt, Jan. 24. James Foret, '47 MS Hort, Nov. 4, 2000. James Green, '47 Indus/Mfg Sys Engr, Sept. 28, 2000. George Greene, '47 MS Animal Sci, Oct. 15, 2000. Bernard Harvey, '47 Indus/Mfg Sys Engr, Sept. 15, 2000. David Sinding, '47 Animal Sci, Nov. 26, 1999. Margaret Fuhs Stout, '47 HDFS, November 1999. Fred Bowers, '48 Chem, Jan. 2, 2000. Gordon Dana, '48 Elec/Comp Engr, June 26, 2000. Wesley Gunkel, '48 MS Ag/Biosys Engr, May 12, 2000. Roger Hill, '48 Forestry, Nov. 2, 2000. Eldo Kempen, '48 Elec/Comp Engr, March 30, 2000. Walter Stefan, '48 Ag/Biosys Engr, June 11, 2000. Russell Thorpe, '48 Agron, March 10, 2000. Robert Walker, '48 Food Sci/Hum Nutr, Sept. 10, 2000. Daniel Derse, '49 Mech Engr, Aug. 4, 2000. John Gagnon, '49 Agron, Sept. 10, 2000. Merrill Hackbarth, '49 Econ, November 2000. Leonard Janssen, '49 Ag/Biosys Engr, July 22, 2000. Richard Kern, '49 Psych, Oct. 26, 2000. Keith Ketcham, '49 Elec/Comp Engr, Aug. 26, 2000. Theodore Lafeber, '49 DVM, Jan. 14. Oscar Lunstrum, '49 Ag/Biosys Engr, Sept. 4, 2000. Norman Mecklenburg, '49 Ag Ed Stds, 2000. Robert Norton, '49 Mech Engr, April 2, 2000. Virginia Williford Olson, '49 HDFS, Sept. 5, 2000. Owen Peters, '49 Landscape Arch, Oct. 26, 2000. Arthur Pickus, '49 Civil Engr, May 1, 2000. David Whaley, '49 Chem, Oct. 28, 2000. John Wood, '49 Journ, April 24, 2000.

'50s

Richard Doerfer, '50 Mech Engr, June 8, 2000. Wayne Graves, '50 Physics/Astron, Nov. 17, 1999. Paul Konrad, '50 Civil Engr, Sept. 23, 2000. Lee Lyon, '50 Elec/Comp Engr, Dec. 4, 2000. Dean Morgan, '50 Ag/Biosys Engr, Sept. 18, 2000. Peggy Krenek Noble, '50 Journ, Dec. 9, 1999. Geraldyne Greenfield Pratt, '50 Math, Jan. 19. Stanley Ring, '50 Civil Engr, Sept. 14, 2000. Neil Ryan, '50 Bus, Sept. 21, 2000. John Stokes, '50 Forestry, Sept. 29, 2000. John Ekedahl, '51 Mat Sci & Engr, June 11, 2000. Marvin Linner, '51 Bus, Feb. 27, 1999. Robert Neel, '51 LAS, Dec. 4, 2000. William Toussaint, '51 MS Econ, Aug. 4, 2000. Charles Vaughan, '51 Mech Engr, Dec. 27, 2000. Melvin Bell, '52 MS Indus Ed/Tech, September 2000. Sherril Christian, '52 Math, March 17, 2000. Marvin Clark, '52 DVM, Oct. 8, 2000. Richard Fincham, '52 LAS, November 2000. William Hertel, '52 Forestry, Aug. 21, 2000. Dale Hiller, '52 PhD Chem, Nov. 21, 2000. Kenneth Johnston, '52 DVM, Sept. 30, 2000. Clarence Bittinger, '53 Bus, Nov. 24, 2000. Wilfred Craig, '53 PhD Entom, Oct. 24, 2000. Robert Miesbauer, '53 DVM, Aug. 19, 2000. Byron Phillips, '53 Ag, Oct. 27, 2000. Deane Robertson, '53 Journ, Jan. 16, 2000. Oliver Francis, '54 MS Stat, Nov. 27, 2000. James Gilson, '54 PhD Econ, June 11, 2000. Robert Groves, '54 Indus/Mfg Sys Engr, Nov. 12, 2000. Jacqueline Kettner Leonard, '54 Art/Des, Nov. 13, 2000. Malcolm MacPeak, '54 Forestry, July 8, 2000. David Miquelon, '54 Psych, Jan. 1. Carl Garrison, '55 Civil Engr, Nov. 27, 2000. Nancy Mitchell Kopp, '55 HDFS, July 21, 1999. Eugene McGehee, '55 DVM, Nov. 7, 2000. Rachel Bernau Meyer, '55 Art/Des, May 13, 2000. Frank Myers, '55 Psych, Feb. 27, 2000. Joseph Genco, '56 MS Chem, Sept. 1, 2000. Trevor Howe, '56 Indus Ed/Tech, Oct. 24, 2000. Roger Johnson, '56 Bus, Aug. 31, 2000. Charles Pfeiffer, '56 Hort, Jan. 14. Eloise Lorch Rippie, '56 MS HDFS, Nov. 16, 2000. Kenneth Ruck, '56 Indus/Mfg Sys Engr, April 22, 2000. Donald Brokman, '57 Econ, August 2000. Alberta Moellering Churchill, '57 FCS Ed Stds, Aug. 4, 2000. James English, '57 Mech Engr, Sept. 16, 2000. Jack Hill, '57 PhD Animal Sci, Aug. 25, 2000. Raymond Jedlicka, '57 Elec/Comp Engr, Oct. 9, 2000. Doris Sawyer Poindexter, '57 FCS Ed Stds, Nov. 15, 2000. Paul Rush, '57 Forestry, Aug. 11, 2000. John Wilson, '57 Elec/Comp Engr, November 2000. Diane Schumann Barden, '58 FCS Ed Stds, Sept. 4, 2000. John Detrick, '58 Indus/Mfg Sys Engr, Aug. 4, 2000. William James, '58 Aero/Mech Engr, Nov. 24, 2000. Oliver Lock, '58 DVM, November 2000. Eugene Nadig, '58 MS Chem Engr, Aug. 21, 1999. Robert Stueck, '58 Indus/Mfg Sys Engr, April 20, 2000. Gene Shove, '59 PhD Ag/Biosys Engr, Oct. 9, 2000. Richard Wallace, '59 Geol/Atmos Sci, Oct. 5, 2000.

'60s

Richard Gulling, '60 Mech Engr, July 5, 2000. Robert Lafrenz, '60 MS Civil Engr, Feb. 24, 2000. Donald Warner, '60 PhD Animal Sci, Dec. 12, 2000. Carol Calkins Berthong, '61 MVE Indus Ed/Tech, May 1, 2000. Robert Gard, '61 Mech Engr, Jan. 12, 2000. Eldon Morrison, '61 Arch, Oct. 7, 2000. Lawrence Weir, '61 MS Botany, April 3, 2000. William DeBie, '62 Animal Sci, Nov. 11, 2000. Phyllis Hicks Evons, '62 Botany, April 27, 2000. Richard Davenport, '63 Indus Ed/Tech, Aug. 7, 2000. John Drew, '63 Ag, Feb. 26, 1999. Ann Smith Baughman, '64 FCS Ed Stds, Oct. 16, 2000. Terrance Siemens, '64 Mech Engr, August 2000. Richard Green, '65 MS Ag Ed Stds, Dec. 9, 2000. Richard Novak, '65 Chem, Nov. 5, 2000. Roger Stauffer, '65 Animal Sci, September 2000. William Severs, '66 History, November 2000. Jerridith Gleaves Wilson, '66 FCS Ed Stds, Aug. 17, 2000. Jon Blunk, '67 Mech Engr, Jan. 8. Nancy Bailiff Domanico, '67 FCS Ed Stds, Aug. 27, 2000. Peter Swain, '67 Zool/Genetics, Aug. 11, 2000. Paul Zidlicky, '67 Animal Sci, April 2, 2000. David Erdahl, '68 Aero/Mech Engr, Sept. 29, 2000. John O'Neil, '68 Comp Sci, April 23, 1999. Robert Swartzlander, '68 Animal Sci, September 2000. Pamela Kalen Cox, '69 Math, November 2000. Rodney Jahn, '69 Animal Sci, August 2000. Richard Mindham, '69 Elec/Comp Engr, Nov. 5, 2000. Robert Scharingson, '69 Bus, Nov. 16, 2000.

'70s

Alan Koehler, '70 Animal Sci, January. Sharon Moon Ortgies, '70 Curric/Instr, Nov. 9, 2000. Christine Lyon Nutting, '71 LAS, Sept. 13, 1999. James Russell, '71 Bus, Dec. 2, 2000. Richard Shaw, '71 Econ, May 12, 1999. Margaret White Holcomb, '72 MS HDFS, Dec. 12, 2000. Joyce Norton Packwood, '72 Foreign Lang/Lit & Soc/Anthro, September 2000. Binnie Brush, '73 Art/Des, June 19, 2000. Thomas Heither, '73 Ag Ed Stds, Nov. 18, 2000. Janet Simons, '73 MS Psych, Dec. 5, 2000. David Garms, '74 Journ, January. Richard Lange, '75 DVM, Nov. 11, 1999. Donald Gerdom, '76 MS Ed, Dec. 15, 2000. Colin Keys, '76 MS Ed, Oct. 23, 2000. Russell Hodge, '77 History, Jan. 21. Joel Moe, '77 Comp Sci & Mat Sci/Engr, Jan. 4. John Anderson, '78 Ag Ed Stds, Nov. 18, 2000. Garry Morris, '78 History, Jan. 15. H. Michael Clymer, '79 Elec/Comp Engr, Dec. 18, 1999. Barbara Helseth, '79 Microbiol, July 19, 2000.

'80s

Bruce Fodness, '80 Chem Engr, Jan. 31. Helen Long Conn, '81 FCS Ed Stds, Oct. 5, 2000. Darlene Keech Paskach, '81 Journ, Dec. 6, 1999. Douglas John Lenertz, '82 Agron, May 15, 1999. Keith Stanek, '82 Econ, Nov. 19, 2000. Nancy Sederburg Griffin, '84 Health/Hum Perf, Nov. 5, 2000. David Martinich, '84 MS Stat, Nov. 22, 2000. Joyce Pruner Hagebock, '85 DVM, Jan. 10. Connie Darling Hayes, '85 Mgmt, Sept. 14, 2000. John Maher, '85 Ag Ed Stds, Nov. 23, 2000. James Waldkirch, '85 Elec/Comp Engr, May 30, 2000. Robert Holzapfel, '87 Arch, Aug. 15, 2000.

'90s

Lewis Hainlin, '92 MS Physics/Astron, Dec. 7, 2000. Randall Howlett, '94 LAS, Aug. 26, 2000. Stephanie Peterson Stein, '96 Entom, Aug. 31, 2000. Christopher Stein, '96 Ag/Biosys Engr, Aug. 31, 2000. Steven Pettit, '97 Animal Sci, Dec. 27, 2000. Petri Vepsanen, '97 Soc/Anthro, July 30, 2000. Kent Vandervelden, '99 Comp Sci, December 2000.

Faculty & retired faculty

Donald Boles, retired professor of political science, died Feb. 12.
Frederick Hopkins Jr., professor emeritus, forestry department, died Dec. 21, 2000.
Trevor Howe, retired professor of education, died Oct. 24, 2000.
David Huntsberger, professor emeritus of statistics, died Sept. 11, 2000.
Duane Isely, distinguished professor emeritus of botany, died Dec. 7, 2000.
William James, associate professor of aerospace engineering and engineering mechanics, died Nov. 24, 2000.
Oscar Kempthorne, former distinguished professor of statistics, died Nov. 15, 2000.
Keith Ketcham, who helped launch the WOI television station, died Aug. 26, 2000.
Elmer D. Klemke, professor emeritus of philosophy and religious studies, died Oct. 27, 2000.
Richard Lundvall, professor emeritus of veterinary medicine, died Sept. 5, 2000.
Susan McBride, associate professor of human development and family studies, died Nov. 7, 2000.
Lou McCullough, Iowa State athletic director from 1971 to 1982, died Sept. 8, 2000.
James Olson, distinguished professor of liberal arts and sciences in biochemistry, died Sept. 22, 2000.
Eloise Rippie, associate professor of human development and family studies, died Nov. 16, 2000.
Emerson Lee Seim, temporary instructor in the logistics, operations and management information department, died Nov. 15, 2000.
Donald Warner, retired professor of animal science, died Dec. 12, 2000.